Young children who present with calcifications in the ureter on computed tomography scans may not have ureteral stones, but may simply have a history of receiving dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Dx/HA [Deflux]) injections for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, according to pediatric urologists from Emory University in Atlanta. Their study findings were presented as a word of caution to radiologists and emergency room physicians who may suspect stones in children with abdominal pain and associated imaging findings.

In the office and the operating room, urologists are finding an array of more palatable approaches to managing pediatric cases.

Video urodynamic studies found serious underlying pathology in a majority of cerebral palsy children who had urinary incontinence.

Studies of vesicoureteral reflux in children show steady progress in treatment modalities and outcomes.

Children who do not respond to treatment for urgency frequency syndrome may have underlying neuropsychiatric disorders that need treatment before UFS symptoms can be resolved.

The FDA has requested that manufacturers update the labels and prescribing information for tablet and intranasal formulations of desmopressin (DDAVP, Minirin, Stimate), used to treat pediatric nocturnal enuresis, to include important new information about the risk of severe hyponatremia and seizures. The action follows reports of 61 patients who experienced hyponatremia-related seizures linked to use of the drug, including two who died.

Early and appropriate treatment of urinary tract infection, especially during the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, diminishes the likelihood of renal involvement during the acute phase of the infection, but does not prevent scar formation, researchers reported in Pediatrics (2007; 120:e922-e928).

Hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel (Deflux) reduced by 62% the incidence of recurrent urinary tract infections in children with vesicoureteral reflux, according to a study published in the Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques (2007; 17:353-9). The therapy also eliminated the need for prophylactic antibiotics in 87% of patients.

Presentations in pediatric urology at the 2007 AUA annual meeting signaled changes in practice, increasing momentum in current trends, and some surprising findings on hot-button topics.